feat: live auto-fork の marker 形式を確定（seq 比較 + forked_from 記録）

方針: 末尾 entry-count 比較で検知し、元 Segment は immutable のまま
（terminal marker を書き戻さない）。fork lineage は新 Segment の
SegmentStart.forked_from に前向きに記録するため、log だけから辿れる。
過去 fork と対称で、nested fork も marker 位置の調停が不要。

- session-store ensure_head_or_fork に at_turn_index 引数を追加し
  新 Segment へ forked_from を記録
- pod ensure_segment_head の auto-fork も同様に forked_from を記録
  （at_turn_index = writer の現 turn_count）
- fork_at の doc に「元 Segment を mutate しない」invariant を明記
- test: nested past-fork が祖先を不変に保つ / Pod 並行 writer drift で
  auto-fork し forked_from を記録 / 元 Segment に marker が書かれない

crates/session-store/src/segment.rs

@@ -114,8 +114,30 @@ pub fn restore_by_segment(
     restore(store, session_id, segment_id)
 }
 
-/// Check if the store's entry count still matches the writer's tally.
-/// If not, auto-fork into a new segment within the same Session.
+/// Live auto-fork on concurrent-writer detection.
+///
+/// Checks whether the store's on-disk entry count still matches the
+/// writer's own append tally. If they match, the writer still owns the
+/// segment tail and nothing happens. If the store has grown behind the
+/// writer's back, another process appended to the same segment — so we
+/// branch into a fresh segment within the same Session.
+///
+/// # Marker form
+///
+/// Detection is by **tail entry-count comparison**, not by writing a
+/// terminal marker into the source segment. The source segment is left
+/// completely immutable — identical to the past-fork ([`fork_at`])
+/// invariant. The fork relationship is instead recorded forward on the
+/// *new* segment's `SegmentStart.forked_from`, so the lineage is still
+/// reconstructable from the logs alone (read each segment's
+/// `SegmentStart`; follow `forked_from` / `compacted_from` backward).
+/// Listing a parent's children is a cheap `list_segments(session_id)`
+/// scan filtered on `forked_from.segment_id`.
+///
+/// `at_turn_index` is the writer's current `turn_count`: the fork seeds
+/// the new segment with the writer's in-memory history (which reflects
+/// state up to that turn), so that is the divergence point relative to
+/// the now-diverged source segment.
 ///
 /// Updates `segment_id` and `entries_written` in place when a fork occurs.
 pub fn ensure_head_or_fork(
@@ -123,12 +145,14 @@ pub fn ensure_head_or_fork(
     session_id: SessionId,
     segment_id: &mut SegmentId,
     entries_written: &mut usize,
+    at_turn_index: usize,
     state: SegmentStartState<'_>,
 ) -> Result<(), StoreError> {
     let store_count = store.read_entry_count(session_id, *segment_id)?;
     if store_count == *entries_written {
         return Ok(());
     }
+    let source_segment_id = *segment_id;
     let fork_id = crate::new_segment_id();
     let entry = LogEntry::SegmentStart {
         ts: segment_log::now_millis(),
@@ -136,7 +160,10 @@ pub fn ensure_head_or_fork(
         system_prompt: state.system_prompt.map(String::from),
         config: state.config.clone(),
         history: to_logged(state.history),
-        forked_from: None,
+        forked_from: Some(SegmentOrigin {
+            segment_id: source_segment_id,
+            at_turn_index,
+        }),
         compacted_from: None,
     };
     store.create_segment(session_id, fork_id, &[entry])?;
@@ -425,6 +452,14 @@ pub fn fork(
 /// `TurnEnd` in the source segment that the fork should branch from.
 /// Replay collects state up to and including that `TurnEnd`; entries
 /// after it are not carried into the new segment.
+///
+/// # Invariant: the source segment is never mutated
+///
+/// Past-fork only reads the source and seeds a brand-new segment. It
+/// writes no marker back into the source — exactly like live auto-fork
+/// ([`ensure_head_or_fork`]). This keeps nested past-forks simple: a
+/// fork of a fork just reads its own source and branches again, with no
+/// marker-position bookkeeping to reconcile across the chain.
 pub fn fork_at(
     store: &impl Store,
     source_session_id: SessionId,

crates/session-store/tests/session_test.rs

@@ -459,6 +459,7 @@ async fn session_auto_forks_on_conflict() {
         sid,
         &mut segment_id,
         &mut entries_written,
+        /* at_turn_index */ 0,
         SegmentStartState {
             system_prompt: worker_a.get_system_prompt(),
             config: worker_a.request_config(),
@@ -476,10 +477,81 @@ async fn session_auto_forks_on_conflict() {
     let fork_state = collect_state(&fork_entries);
     assert_eq!(fork_state.session_id, Some(sid), "auto-fork inherits Session");
 
-    // Original segment should still have the interloper entry
+    // The new segment records its lineage forward via forked_from; the
+    // source segment is left immutable (no terminal marker written back).
+    match &fork_entries[0] {
+        LogEntry::SegmentStart {
+            forked_from: Some(origin),
+            ..
+        } => {
+            assert_eq!(origin.segment_id, original_segid);
+            assert_eq!(origin.at_turn_index, 0);
+        }
+        other => panic!("expected SegmentStart with forked_from, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+
+    // Original segment should still have the interloper entry and NO
+    // terminal fork marker — it is byte-for-byte unchanged.
     let original_entries = store.read_all(sid, original_segid).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        original_entries.len(),
+        2,
+        "source segment holds only SegmentStart + interloper UserInput"
+    );
     let has_interloper = original_entries
         .iter()
         .any(|e| matches!(e, LogEntry::UserInput { .. }));
     assert!(has_interloper);
 }
+
+/// Nested past-fork: forking a segment that is itself a fork must not
+/// require touching any ancestor. Each `fork_at` only reads its direct
+/// source and seeds a new segment, so a chain of forks composes cleanly.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn nested_past_fork_leaves_ancestors_immutable() {
+    let (_dir, store) = make_store();
+    let client = MockLlmClient::new(simple_text_events());
+    let worker = Worker::new(client);
+
+    let (sid, root_segid) = session_store::create_segment(
+        &store,
+        SegmentStartState {
+            system_prompt: worker.get_system_prompt(),
+            config: worker.request_config(),
+            history: worker.history(),
+        },
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    let (worker, _) = run_and_persist(worker, &store, sid, root_segid, "Hello").await;
+    let root_before = store.read_all(sid, root_segid).unwrap();
+
+    // First past-fork at the completed turn.
+    let fork1 = session_store::fork_at(&store, sid, root_segid, worker.turn_count()).unwrap();
+    // Fork the fork (turn 0 = right after its SegmentStart seed).
+    let fork2 = session_store::fork_at(&store, sid, fork1, 0).unwrap();
+
+    // All three are distinct, all in the same Session.
+    assert_ne!(fork1, root_segid);
+    assert_ne!(fork2, fork1);
+    for seg in [root_segid, fork1, fork2] {
+        assert_eq!(
+            collect_state(&store.read_all(sid, seg).unwrap()).session_id,
+            Some(sid)
+        );
+    }
+
+    // The root and fork1 are untouched by forking their descendants.
+    assert_eq!(store.read_all(sid, root_segid).unwrap().len(), root_before.len());
+    let fork1_entries = store.read_all(sid, fork1).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(fork1_entries.len(), 1, "fork1 is just its SegmentStart seed");
+
+    // fork2's lineage points at fork1, not the root.
+    match &store.read_all(sid, fork2).unwrap()[0] {
+        LogEntry::SegmentStart {
+            forked_from: Some(origin),
+            ..
+        } => assert_eq!(origin.segment_id, fork1),
+        other => panic!("expected SegmentStart with forked_from, got {other:?}"),
+    }
+}